碳石墨介紹
碳石墨介紹
Introduction of carbon graphite
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製程 Manufacture
碳素的生產步驟與陶瓷類似。在約 1000 °C 下燒結的產物稱為硬碳(hard carbon)或碳石墨(carbon graphite)。在2500 °C 以上熱處裡後的產物稱為導電石墨(electrographite)。
The production stages for carbon materials are comparable to those for ceramics. Products baked at approx. 1,000 °C are known as hard carbon, hard burned carbon or carbon graphite. The product yielded by thermal treatment above 2,500 °C is called electrographite.
特性 Characteristic
• 高機械強度 High mechanical strength
• 高機械強度 High mechanical strength
與大多數材料不同，碳和石墨的機械強度值會隨著溫度升高而增加，石墨在約 2,500°C 時達到最大值（圖一）。
Unlike most materials, the mechanical strength values of carbon and graphite increase with rising temperatures and reach their maximum value at approx. 2,500 °C in the case of graphite (figure 1).
• 良好的滑動性能 Good sliding properties
• 高熱穩定性 High thermal stability
石墨擁有較小的膨脹係數（圖二）。
Graphite has a smaller coefficient of expansion (figure 2).
• 高抗熱震性 High thermal shock resistance
石墨是所有常見材料中抗熱震性最高的材料。透過改變材料的熱導率可以顯著提高抗熱震性（圖三）。
Graphite features the highest thermal shock resistance of all familiar materials. The most significant change in thermal shock resistance can be achieved by changing the material’s thermal conductivity (figure 3).
• 低潤濕性 Low wettability
• 高耐腐蝕性 High chemical resistance
• 高導熱性 High thermal conductivity
碳和石墨的熱導率分別為 12 W/mK 和 100 W/mK，與金屬的熱導率相似。因此，它們已成為摩擦系統中的匹配材料（圖四）。
With 12 W/mK and 100 W/mK, carbon and graphite materials display thermal conductivity values similar to those of metals. This is why they have established themselves as mating materials in friction systems (figure 4).
• 良好的導電性 Good electrical conductivity
•可用於食品應用 Food safety
圖一 figure 1
圖二 figure 2
圖三 figure 3
圖四 figure 4
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